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Sinus Elevation Surgery
Relevant information about Sinus Elevation Surgery.
- What does the surgery consist on
The surgery is oriented for those patients who present jaw atrophy, which is a disorder in the jaw, and has a big consequence, that is not leaving enough space for dental implants. The surgery will solve this problem, by the augmentation of the bone. The surgery is generally done by a specialist in the dental area, including, maxillofacial surgeon or periodontist. There are several materials used in this surgery, in some cases the own bone of the patient can be used (extracting it from another part of the body); in other instances there are special prepared bones, for example frozen bone or animal bone (bovine); the other possibility includes the use of artificial and synthetic bone made of a many component that has been named hydroxyapatite.
- Which problem does the surgery solve
The surgery will solve problems presented by those people who are edentulous. Being an edentulous, nowadays, can bring many problems, beginning with self – esteem, feeling an ugly aesthetic appearance or presenting troubles in chewing food. Many people, who have lost their teeth for many reasons, including periodontal disease, are special candidates for this surgery. The reasons for being a candidate for sinus elevation are several, the first one responds to the fact of having a complication in the natural anatomy of the jaw; being a victim of gum disease, this occurs when the disease has been prolonged during a large period of time and it has affected the bone which is in charge of supporting the person´s teeth; the last reason is the loss of tooth that can be produced for many reasons, such as a previous surgical intervention or also a removal in cases of serious disease such as cancer.
- How is the surgery performed
The surgery will increase the amount of bone located in the maxilla. This will be done by placing a bone graft material in the maxillary sinus, in order to increase the height of the alveolus. The first step of the surgery is to have an initial visit to the dentist. He/she will determine if you are a candidate to sinus elevation. After this, your dentist will take x- ray radiography of your denture in order to decide if you will go under the operation. Once you are in the surgery room he will give you local or general anesthesia, depending on the patient and also by each professional. The antique concept of sinus elevation was described by famous professionals as the elevation of the sinus for restoration of posterior areas of the upper maxilla by using different implants. Since them, many changes have appeared and the concept has also changed into a modern one that practically says that the doctor will have to create a type of window in the anterior bone wall of the maxillary sinus; this window will allow the access to the Schneider membrane, which is the one that will be elevated, creating a space. The space will be later used for putting a special material that will hold the membrane and is also capable of reconstructing bone formation.
- Surgery length: The surgery is thought to last between two and four hours. The dentist will give you special anesthesia; in some cases they prefer using local or in other general, this depends on the severity of the case and in the approximate duration that the professional estimates.
- How is the post surgery process
All the normal activities that are done by patients can be resumed the following week after the operation. There is no need to stay in the hospital; however it is important for the patient to rest and recover properly in his/her home. It is important to avoid blowing your nose or sneezing because these activities could remove the bone–graft material. Your dentist will probably give to you special medicine which is indicated when it is necessary to avoid the activities said before. To avoid pain, the doctor will give medication, also some antibiotics in order to prevent an infection. Some hygiene rules must be followed by all the patients who go under this operation, some of them include, washing your mouth with an antimicrobial mouthwash and brushing your teeth after each meal. Regular visits to the doctor all also necessary; because he/she will be able to follow and monitor how the results of the surgery are. The dentist will look for the apparition of any sign of an infection, and also if your body is accepting the bony material that has been inserted.
Among the complications we could find, the torn of the sinus membrane. If this happens, the doctor will put a patch over it. If the doctor finds any complication during the surgery, he/she will stop it, and probably it will be resumed after a few days, when the process has been healed. Other risk that is also present in any surgical procedure is the infection; this can be avoided by following all the necessary rules imposed by the professionals. In some cases (very few), your natural bone does not integrate properly with the bony graft material. If this occurs, any implant will fail because it will not integrate correctly to the area where it was put on, when this happens; the procedure is interrupted by doctors, opening the possibility of continuing it during the next month.
The surgery is used in cases where a special preparation to place the implant has to be done. A sinus elevation is required in those cases where the amount of bone located in the jaw, is not enough to suit the future implant.
- What does the surgery not do
The surgery will not only put new implants in the patient´s mouth; its main function is to add bone (that can be of many materials), in order to restore and to complete the normal shape of the jaw of the patient.
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